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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нервно-мышечные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-8721</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-0443</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">115</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-8721-2015-5-2-32-37</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation possibilities in difficult diagnostic cases upper motor neuron lesions – case report</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Возможности навигационной транскраниальной магнитной стимуляции в сложных диагностических случаях вовлечения верхнего мотонейрона: клиническое наблюдение</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakulin</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакулин</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125367</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><email>bakulinilya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chervyakov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Червяков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125367</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><email>bakulinilya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125367</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><email>bakulinilya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suponeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супонева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125367</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><email>bakulinilya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Piradov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирадов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125367</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><email>bakulinilya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center of Neurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-06-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2015-06-29"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2015-06-29"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Bakulin I.S., Chervyakov A.V., Zakharova M.N., Suponeva N.A., Piradov M.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, Бакулин И.С., Червяков А.В., Захарова М.Н., Супонева Н.А., Пирадов М.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bakulin I.S., Chervyakov A.V., Zakharova M.N., Suponeva N.A., Piradov M.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бакулин И.С., Червяков А.В., Захарова М.Н., Супонева Н.А., Пирадов М.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/115">https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/115</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized with lesions of both upper and lower motor neurons. In accordance with modern diagnostics criteria, only clinical symptoms are used for revealing lesions of the upper motor neuron with the ALS, which often causes serious difficulties. Absence of the pyramidal syndrome does not allow diagnosing ALS, and the diagnosis of progressive muscular atrophy should be set in these cases. We describe a case of an isolated generalized lesion of the lower motor neuron with the signs of cortical motor neurons lesion revealed in the course of navigational transcranial magnetic stimulation. Possible reasons for difficulties in detecting pyramidal syndrome are discussed together with the necessity of working out the criteria of instrumental diagnostics of lesions of the upper motor neuron in ALS.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Боковой амиотрофический склероз (БАС) – нейродегенеративное заболевание, характеризующееся поражением как верхнего, так и нижнего мотонейронов. Согласно современным критериям диагностики для выявления поражения верхнего мотонейрона при БАС используют только клинические признаки, что нередко вызывает значительные трудности. Отсутствие пирамидного синдрома не позволяет диагностировать БАС, и в этих случаях ставится диагноз прогрессирующей мышечной атрофии. Описан случай пациентки с изолированным генерализованным поражением нижнего мотонейрона, у которой признаки поражения корковых мотонейронов были выявлены при проведении навигационной транскраниальной магнитной стимуляции. Обсуждаются возможные причины сложностей выявления пирамидного синдрома, а также необходимость разработки критериев инструментальной диагностики поражения верхнего мотонейрона при БАС.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</kwd><kwd>navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation</kwd><kwd>progressive muscular atrophy</kwd><kwd>motor neuron disease</kwd><kwd>neurodegeneration</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>боковой амиотрофический склероз</kwd><kwd>навигационная транскраниальная магнитная стимуляция</kwd><kwd>прогрессирующая мышечная атрофия</kwd><kwd>болезнь двигательного нейрона</kwd><kwd>нейродегенерация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Kiernan M.C., Vucic S., Cheah B.C. et al. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. 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