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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нервно-мышечные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-8721</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-0443</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">372</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-8721-2020-10-1-43-52</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of the ultrasound examination of the brachial plexus in thoracic outlet syndrome</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль ультразвукового исследования плечевого сплетения при синдроме верхней апертуры</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-0867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Druzhinin</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дружинин</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Revolutsionnaya St., Yaroslavl’ 150000, Russia</p><p>Build. 2, 17 Krzhizhanovskogo St., Moscow 117258, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Сергеевич Дружинин</p><p>Россия, 150000 Ярославль, ул. Революционная, 5</p><p>Россия, 117258 Москва, ул. Кржижановского, 17 / 2</p></bio><email>druzhininds@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-2758</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 2, 17 Krzhizhanovskogo St., Moscow 117258, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 117258 Москва, ул. Кржижановского, 17 / 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-1573</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Boriskina</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борискина</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 2, 17 Krzhizhanovskogo St., Moscow 117258, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 117258 Москва, ул. Кржижановского, 17 / 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7853-0210</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Druzhinina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дружинина</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Build. 2, 17 Krzhizhanovskogo St., Moscow 117258, Russia</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow 117997, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 117258 Москва, ул. Кржижановского, 17 / 2</p><p>Россия, 117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>93 Tutaevskoye Shosse, Yaroslavl’ 150033, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 150033 Ярославль, Тутаевское шоссе, 93</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8152-2668</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Eliseeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елисеева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>letter A, 10 Siqueirosa St., Saint Petersburg 194354, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 194354 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Сикейроса, 10 литера А</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Yaroslavl’ State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Ярославский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Association of Neuromuscular Disorders Specialists, Medical Center “Practical Neurology”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Региональная общественная организация «Общество специалистов по нервно-мышечным болезням», Медицинский центр «Практическая неврология»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medical Center “Motus”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский центр «Мотус»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Consultative and Diagnostic Center No. 1</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">СПб ГБУЗ «Городской консультативно-диагностический центр № 1»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-06-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-06-02"><day>02</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-06-02"><day>02</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Druzhinin D.S., Nikitin S.S., Boriskina L.M., Druzhinina E.S., Novikov M.L., Eliseeva A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Дружинин Д.С., Никитин С.С., Борискина Л.М., Дружинина Е.С., Новиков М.Л., Елисеева А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Druzhinin D.S., Nikitin S.S., Boriskina L.M., Druzhinina E.S., Novikov M.L., Eliseeva A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дружинин Д.С., Никитин С.С., Борискина Л.М., Дружинина Е.С., Новиков М.Л., Елисеева А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/372">https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/372</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Difficulties in determining the compression of the neurovascular bundle with the thoracic outlet syndrome raises the question of finding an accessible and reproducible method for the neuroimaging of the brachial plexus and surrounding tissues.</p><p><bold>Purpose of the study</bold> – to develop an ultrasound diagnostic algorithm using a stress test to determine the level and cause of brachial plexus compression in comparison with the results of a clinical assessment.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> 111 patients with verified compression of the brachial plexus at the level of the interstitial (65.7 %) and bone-clavicular space (21.6 %), as well as the tendon of the pectoralis minor muscle (12.6 %) were examined. The study protocol including the Adson ultrasound stress test, the assessment of the lower trunk in the interstitial space, and the test with ultrasound evaluation of the axillary artery at the level of the tendon of the pectoralis minor muscle with passive abduction of the arm back and up was used.</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> An ultrasound study of the brachial plexus demonstrated informativeness in assessing the level and possible cause of compression, which opens up the possibility of using the method in routine neurological practice.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Трудности в определении компрессии сосудисто-нервного пучка при синдроме выходного отверстия ставят вопрос о поиске доступного и воспроизводимого метода нейровизуализации плечевого сплетения и окружающих тканей.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – модифицировать алгоритм ультразвукового исследования для выявления уровня и причины компрессии плечевого сплетения в сопоставлении с результатами клинической оценки.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Обследованы 111 пациентов с верифицированной компрессией плечевого сплетения на уровне межлестничного (65,7 %) и косто-клавикулярного промежутка (21,6 %), а также сухожилия малой грудной мышцы (12,6 %). Использован протокол исследования, включающий ультразвуковой стресс-тест Адсона, оценку нижнего ствола в межлестничном промежутке и тест с ультразвуковой оценкой подмышечной артерии на уровне сухожилия малой грудной мышцы при пассивном отведении руки назад и вверх.</p><p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Атрофии коротких мышц кисти чаще обнаружены у пациентов с компрессией на уровне косто-клавикулярного промежутка (p &lt;0,05). Изолированная атрофия мышц в основании большого пальца оказалась характерной для пациентов с увеличенным поперечным отростком С7. Число пациентов, имеющих атрофию мышц предплечья и кисти встречается в 3 раза чаще у лиц с увеличением площади поперечного сечения нижнего ствола плечевого сплетения, но при этом количество больных с увеличенными параметрами площади поперечного сечения и положительным / отрицательным стресс-тестом достоверно не отличалось.</p><p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Ультразвуковое исследование плечевого сплетения продемонстрировало информативность в оценке факта, уровня и возможной причины компрессии, что открывает возможность применения метода в рутинной неврологической практике.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>brachial plexus</kwd><kwd>thoracic outlet syndrome</kwd><kwd>nerves ultrasound examination</kwd><kwd>compression neuropathies</kwd><kwd>TOS</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>плечевое сплетение</kwd><kwd>синдром верхней апертуры</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование нервов</kwd><kwd>компрессионные нейропатии</kwd><kwd>TOS</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Freischlag J., Orion K. 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