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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нервно-мышечные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-8721</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-0443</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">385</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-8721-2020-10-2-39-45</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Clinical and genetic characteristics of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 4D (type Lom) in Russia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клинико-генетические характеристики болезни Шарко–Мари–Тута типа 4D (типа Lom) в России</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7023-7378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Murtazina</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муртазина</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>1 Moskvorechie St., Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Айсылу Фанзировна Муртазина </bold></p><p><italic>115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</italic></p></bio><email>aysylumurtazina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchagina</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щагина</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>1 Moskvorechie St., Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0050-6947</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Milovidova</surname><given-names>T. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миловидова</surname><given-names>Т. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>1 Moskvorechie St., Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5602-2805</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dadali</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дадали</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>1 Moskvorechie St., Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8949-0581</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudenskaya</surname><given-names>G. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руденская</surname><given-names>Г. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>1 Moskvorechie St., Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8886-5222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbatov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбатов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>5a Lenin Square, Voronezh 394018</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>394018 Воронеж, пл. Ленина, 5а</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0847-5652</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedotova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федотова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>151 Moskovskiy Prospekt, Voronezh 394066</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>394066 Воронеж, Московский пр-кт, 151</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-2758</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Build. 2, 17 Krzhizhanovskogo St., Moscow 117258</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>117258 Москва, ул. Кржижановского, 17/2 </italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-0794</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sparber</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спарбер</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>1 Moskvorechie St., Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3743-094X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>1 Moskvorechie St., Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0105-1833</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><italic>1 Moskvorechie St., Moscow 115522</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1</italic></p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Regional Medical Diagnostic Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">АУЗ ВО «Воронежский областной клинический консультативно-диагностический центр»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh Regional Clinical Hospital One</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">БУЗ ВО «Воронежская областная клиническая больница №1»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Association of Neuromuscular Disorders Specialists</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Региональная общественная организация «Общество специалистов по нервно-мышечным болезням»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-08-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-08-23"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-08-23"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Murtazina A.F., Shchagina O.A., Milovidova T.B., Dadali E.L., Rudenskaya G.E., Kurbatov S.A., Fedotova T.V., Nikitin S.S., Sparber P.A., Orlova M.D., Polyakov A.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Муртазина А.Ф., Щагина О.А., Миловидова Т.Б., Дадали Е.Л., Руденская Г.Е., Курбатов С.А., Федотова Т.В., Никитин С.С., Спарбер П.А., Орлова М.Д., Поляков А.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Murtazina A.F., Shchagina O.A., Milovidova T.B., Dadali E.L., Rudenskaya G.E., Kurbatov S.A., Fedotova T.V., Nikitin S.S., Sparber P.A., Orlova M.D., Polyakov A.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Муртазина А.Ф., Щагина О.А., Миловидова Т.Б., Дадали Е.Л., Руденская Г.Е., Курбатов С.А., Федотова Т.В., Никитин С.С., Спарбер П.А., Орлова М.Д., Поляков А.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/385">https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/385</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold>. Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 4D is a hereditary demyelinating neuropathy, that occurs with the high frequency in patients of Roma origin. It is characterized by early onset at the age of 2–10 years and hearing impairment, manifested by the 3rd decade of life.</p><p><bold>Aim of the study</bold>. To describe the clinical and genetic characteristics of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 4D in Russian patients of Roma origin.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. For 14 probands from unrelated families of Roma origin with a clinical diagnosis of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, genetic tests for the pathogenic variants c. 442C&gt;T in the NDRG1 gene and c. 3325C&gt;T in the SH3TC2 gene was carried out. For 8 patients with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 4D, detailed clinical and electrophysiological examination was performed.</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. In 11 families of Roma origin, the c. 442C&gt;T pathogenic variant in the NDRG1 gene in a homozygous state was detected, which accounted for 79 % all observed Roma patients with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease. There are 12 of the 14 tested families live in the European part of Russia, 7 of them are from nearby regions. The average age of onset was 3.3 years. The first symptom in 7 of 8 patients was gait disturbances. At the time of examination (age range 6–19 years), all patients showed marked hypotrophy and weakness of the feet, lower leg, hands muscles, feet deformities, reduction or loss of tendon reflexes.</p><p><bold>Discussion</bold>. Due to the detection of only one pathogenic variant in most Russian patients of Roma origin with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, the knowledge of the ethnicity of a proband with early myelinopathy can significantly simplify the confirmation of the diagnosis on the molecular level.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Болезнь Шарко–Мари–Тута типа 4D – наследственная демиелинизирующая нейропатия, встречающаяся с наибольшей частотой у пациентов цыганского происхождения и характеризующаяся ранним дебютом в возрасте 2–10 лет и нарушением слуха, проявляющимся к 3-й декаде жизни.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – описать клинико-генетические характеристики болезни Шарко–Мари–Тута типа 4D у российских пациентов цыганского происхождения.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Пробандам из 14 неродственных семей цыганского происхождения с клиническим диагнозом «наследственная моторно-сенсорная нейропатия» проведен поиск патогенных вариантов c. 442C&gt;T в гене NDRG1 и с. 3325C&gt;T в гене SH3TC2. У 8 пациентов с болезнью Шарко–Мари–Тута типа 4D проведена оценка клинического статуса, у 3 пациентов – анализ электронейромиографических данных.</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. В 11 семьях цыганского происхождения обнаружен патогенный вариант c. 442C&gt;T в гене NDRG1 в гомозиготном состоянии, что составило 79 % всех обследованных цыган с наследственной моторно-сенсорной нейропатией. Из 14 обследованных семей 12 проживают в европейской части России, 7 из них – в близкорасположенных субъектах Российской Федерации. Возраст дебюта болезни составил в среднем 3,3 года. У 7 из 8 пациентов 1-м симптомом было нарушение походки. На момент осмотра (возраст пациентов от 6 до 19 лет) у всех пациентов выявлены выраженная гипотрофия и слабость мышц стоп, голеней, кистей, деформация стоп, снижение или отсутствие сухожильных рефлексов с ног.</p><p><bold>Обсуждение</bold>. Учитывая выявление одного и того же патогенного варианта у большинства пациентов цыганского происхождения с наследственной моторной сенсорной нейропатией, знание этнической принадлежности пробанда с ранней миелинопатией значительно упрощает поиск молекулярно-генетической причины болезни.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hereditary motor and sensory peripheral neuropathy</kwd><kwd>HMSN</kwd><kwd>HMSN-type Lom</kwd><kwd>Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease 4D</kwd><kwd>CMT4D</kwd><kwd>NDRG1</kwd><kwd>Roma patients</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наследственная моторная сенсорная нейропатия</kwd><kwd>болезнь Шарко–Мари–Тута типа 4D</kwd><kwd>ШМТ4D</kwd><kwd>CMT4D</kwd><kwd>NDRG1</kwd><kwd>пациенты цыганского происхождения</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was carried out as part of the state task of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Минобрнауки России</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Barreto L.C., Oliveira F.S., Nunes P.S. et al. 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