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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нервно-мышечные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-8721</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-0443</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">405</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-8721-2020-10-4-27-37</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Diagnosis of sleepiness, fatigue and depression in patients with myasthenia gravis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Диагностика сонливости, усталости и депрессии у пациентов с миастенией гравис</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2183-5261</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kreis</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крейс</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Akkuratova St., Saint Petersburg 19734147 Piskarevskij prospect, Saint Petersburg 195067</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Алексеевна Крейс</p><p>197341 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2195067 Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский пр-т, д. 47 </p></bio><email>krejs.olga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4441-1165</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2 Akkuratova St., Saint Petersburg 197341</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1409-7686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilov</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилов</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>12 Academician Pavlov St., Saint Petersburg 197376</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197376 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, 12</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8435-1697</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Valko</surname><given-names>P. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валко</surname><given-names>Ф. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CH">Switzerland</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>71 Rämistrasse, Zurich 8091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>8091 Цюрих, ул. Рэмиштрассе, 71</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6147-1960</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Valko</surname><given-names>Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валко</surname><given-names>Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CH">Switzerland</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>71 Rämistrasse, Zurich 8091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>8091 Цюрих, ул. Рэмиштрассе, 71</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Almazov National Medical Research Centre, the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В. А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University, the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И. И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Experimental Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Институт экспериментальной медицины»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университетская больница г. Цюриха, Университет г. Цюриха</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-12-29"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-12-29"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Kreis O.A., Alekseeva T.M., Gavrilov Y.V., Valko P.O., Valko Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Крейс О.А., Алексеева Т.М., Гаврилов Ю.В., Валко Ф.О., Валко Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kreis O.A., Alekseeva T.M., Gavrilov Y.V., Valko P.O., Valko Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крейс О.А., Алексеева Т.М., Гаврилов Ю.В., Валко Ф.О., Валко Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/405">https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/405</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction</bold>. Examination of excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue and depression in patients with myasthenia gravis is important for differential diagnosis of other disorders, and adds to a comprehensive clinical assessment.</p><p><bold>Objective</bold>. The aim is a comprehensive assessment of sleepiness, fatigue and depression and evaluation of the impact of autoimmune comorbidity on these symptoms in myasthenia gravis patients, using newly validated Russian versions of international questionnaires. The present article aims at familiarizing a wider Russian-speaking audience of specialists in the field of neuromuscular disease and sleep medicine with the main findings of our previously published work.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods</bold>. The study included 73 patients with MG and 230 control subjects. For sleepiness, fatigue and depression evaluation were used: Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS) (cognitive / physical / psychosocial subscales), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (cognitive-affective and somatic domains), Spielberger–Khanin State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).</p><p><bold>Results</bold>. The Fatigue Severity Scale and Fatigue Impact Scale showed good psychometric properties and can be used to identify distinct aspects of fatigue in patients with myasthenia gravis. The studied patient cohort revealed clinically significant fatigue (69.9 %), excessive daytime sleepiness (15.1 %), moderate to severe depression (20.5 %), a high level of personal (64.4 %) and situational anxiety (27.4 %). Among 13 patients with myasthenia gravis and additional autoimmune comorbidity, there were no significant differences in the severity of sleepiness, fatigue and depression compared with the main group.</p><p><bold>Conclusion</bold>. The use of self-reported scale of sleepiness, fatigue and depression combined with careful clinical-neurological characterization adds to a more comprehensive view of the patient. The identification of sleepiness, fatigue and depression can guide therapeutic decisions and contributes to a better patient care. The presence of concomitant autoimmune pathology in patients with myasthenia gravis does not seem to increase the severity of sleepiness, fatigue and depression.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Изучение особенностей состояния избыточной дневной сонливости, усталости и депрессии при миастении гравис важно для проведения дифференциальной диагностики с другими заболеваниями и для комплексной оценки состояния больных миастенией.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – провести комплексную оценку сонливости, усталости, депрессии и оценить влияние аутоиммунной коморбидности на эти синдромы у пациентов с миастенией по международным опросникам с предварительной валидацией их русских версий, а также ознакомить широкую русскоязычную аудиторию специалистов в области нервно-мышечных заболеваний и медицины сна с основными выводами, опубликованными ранее в наших работах по данной теме.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В исследование было включено 73 пациента с миастенией и 230 – контрольной группы. Для оценки сонливости, усталости и депрессии использовались: шкала тяжести усталости (FSS), шкала усталости (FIS) (когнитивная / физическая / психосоциальная подшкалы), шкала сонливости Эпворта (ESS), шкала депрессии Бека (BDI) (когнитивно-эмоциональная и соматическая подшкалы), шкала тревоги Спилбергера–Ханина (STAI).</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Шкалы градации степени тяжести усталости и оценки влияния утомляемости на различные сферы жизни показали хорошие психометрические свойства и могут быть использованы для выявления значимых клинических аспектов усталости у пациентов с миастенией. В исследуемой выборке выявлена клинически значимая усталость (69,9 %), чрезмерная дневная сонливость (15,1 %), умеренно тяжелая депрессия (20,5 %), высокий уровень личностной (64,4 %) и ситуативной тревожности (27,4 %). Среди 13 пациентов с миастенией и дополнительной аутоиммунной коморбидностью не было выявлено достоверных различий по показателям сонливости, усталости и депрессии по сравнению с основной группой.</p><p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Использование шкал для самооценки пациентами уровня усталости и сопоставление с клинико-неврологическими данными могут дать врачу более целостное представление о больном. Выявление сонливости, усталости и депрессии может привести к изменению лечебной тактики, что способно улучшить состояние пациентов. Наличие у пациентов с миастенией сопутствующей аутоиммунной патологии не приводит к усугублению сонливости, усталости и депрессии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myasthenia gravis</kwd><kwd>fatigue</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>autoimmune comorbidit</kwd><kwd>somnology</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миастения гравис</kwd><kwd>усталость</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>аутоиммунная коморбидность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sanadze А.G. Myasthenia gravis and myasthenic syndromes. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2017. 256 р. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Санадзе А.Г. Миастения и миастенические синдромы. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2017. 256 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gusev E.I., Gekht A.B. 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