Neuromuscular DiseasesNeuromuscular DiseasesНервно-мышечные болезни2222-87212413-0443Publishing House ABV Press52210.17650/2222-8721-2023-13-1-10-21LECTURES AND REVIEWSЛЕКЦИИ И ОБЗОРЫCurrent understanding of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (literature review)Современное представление о химиоиндуцированной полинейропатии (обзор литературы)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1796-0193TikhonovaO. A.ТихоноваО. А.
Russian Federation

Оlga Alekseevna Tikhonova,

14 Aleksandra Nevskogo St., Kaliningrad 236016

Ольга Алексеевна Тихонова,

236016 Калининград, ул. Александра Невского, 14

offelia78@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-0867DruzhininD. S.ДружининД. С.
Russian Federation

5 Revolutsionnaya St., Yaroslavl 150000

150000 Ярославль, ул. Революционная, 5

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1743-4713TynterovaA. M.ТынтероваА. М.
Russian Federation

14 Aleksandra Nevskogo St., Kaliningrad 236016

236016 Калининград, ул. Александра Невского, 14

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3498-9094ReverchukI. V.РеверчукИ. В.
Russian Federation

14 Aleksandra Nevskogo St., Kaliningrad 236016

236016 Калининград, ул. Александра Невского, 14

Imannuel Kant Baltic Federal UniversityФГАОУ ВО «Балтийский федеральный университет им. Иммануила Канта»Yaroslavl State Medical UniversityФГБОУ ВО «Ярославский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России2703202313110212503202325032023Copyright ©; 2023, Tikhonova O.A., Druzhinin D.S., Tynterova A.M., Reverchuk I.V.Copyright ©; 2023, Тихонова О.А., Дружинин Д.С., Тынтерова А.М., Реверчук И.В.2023Tikhonova O.A., Druzhinin D.S., Tynterova A.M., Reverchuk I.V.Тихонова О.А., Дружинин Д.С., Тынтерова А.М., Реверчук И.В.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/522

This review focuses on chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy, which is a fairly common side effect and affects not only the quality of life of patients with malignancies, but can also lead to a change in patient management tactics, namely dose modification, delay of drug administration to complete cessation of treatment, which threatens the life of the patient. Chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy is based on different mechanisms of damaging effects depending on the type of cytotoxic agent. The most neurotoxic drugs are platinum drugs, taxanes, periwinkle alkaloids, bortezomib, and thalidomide. As a result of neurotoxic effects, damage occurs to thin and thick fibers of peripheral nerves. However, it is still a mystery why one patient develops manifestations of neurotoxicity and another does not. Therefore, the modern medical community is faced with the urgent question of further study of the mechanisms of development, risk factors, as well as the search for biomarkers and the development of prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathy. The results of studies on the mechanism of onset, clinic, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced polyneuropathies are summarized.

Обзор посвящен химиоиндуцированной полинейропатии – частому нежелательному явлению терапии злокачественных новообразований, которое снижает качество жизни пациентов и может приводить к изменению тактики ведения: модификации дозы, отсрочке введения препарата и даже полному прекращению лечения, что ставит под угрозу жизнь пациента. В основе химиоиндуцированного повреждающего действия периферических нервов лежат разные механизмы в зависимости от вида цитотоксического агента. Наиболее нейротоксичными являются препараты платины, таксаны, алкалоиды барвинка, бортезомиб и талидомид. В результате нейротоксического воздействия возникает повреждение тонких и толстых волокон периферических нервов. Однако до сих пор остается загадкой, почему у одного пациента развиваются проявления нейротоксичности, а у другого – нет. Перед современным медицинским сообществом по-прежнему остро стоит вопрос изучения механизмов развития, факторов риска, а также поиска биомаркеров и разработки методов профилактики, лечения химиоиндуцированной полинейропатии. Обобщены результаты исследований по механизму возникновения, клинике, диагностике, профилактике и лечению химиоиндуцированных полинейропатий.

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