Neuromuscular DiseasesNeuromuscular DiseasesНервно-мышечные болезни2222-87212413-0443Publishing House ABV Press63710.17650/2222-8721-2024-14-4-71-76LECTURES AND REVIEWSЛЕКЦИИ И ОБЗОРЫResearch and clinical application of transcranial magnetic stimulation in children with head injury: method overviewИсследовательское и клиническое значение диагностической транскраниальной магнитной стимуляции у детей с черепно-мозговой травмой: обзор методаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5142-9400KanshinaD. S.КаньшинаД. С.
Russian Federation

 22 Bolshaya Polyanka St., Moscow 119180 

Дарья Сергеевна Каньшина 

119180 Москва, ул. Большая Полянка, 22 

dr.d.kanshina@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3235-8854AkhadovT. A.АхадовТ. А.
Russian Federation

 22 Bolshaya Polyanka St., Moscow 119180 

 119180 Москва, ул. Большая Полянка, 22 

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-2758NikitinS. S.НикитинС. С.
Russian Federation

 1 Moskvorechye St., Moscow 115522 

 115522 Москва, ул. Москворечье, 1 

Research Institute for Urgent Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology, Moscow Healthcare DepartmentГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии» Департамента здравоохранения г. МосквыResearch Centre for Medical GeneticsФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр им. акад. Н.П. Бочкова»2612202414471761001202510012025Copyright ©; 2024, Kanshina D.S., Akhadov T.A., Nikitin S.S.Copyright ©; 2024, Каньшина Д.С., Ахадов Т.А., Никитин С.С.2024Kanshina D.S., Akhadov T.A., Nikitin S.S.Каньшина Д.С., Ахадов Т.А., Никитин С.С.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/637

According to research, transcranial magnetic stimulation has potential as a non-invasive prognostic method to quantify neurophysiological changes of brain after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The pathophysiological basis of changes in transcranial magnetic stimulation parameters in TBI includes impaired regulation of neurotransmitter release, changes in receptor expression, damage to interneurons and microcytoarchitectonics, which provokes a disturbance in the functional balance between cortical excitation and inhibition. The vulnerability of inhibitory mechanisms of interneurons due to decreased levels of GABAB receptor-mediated cortical inhibition was found to be a peculiarity of the pediatric population with the consequences of TBI. The purpose of this publication was to analyze the most informative parameters of diagnostic transcranial magnetic stimulation in the pediatric population with the consequences of TBI based on the available literature.

Согласно исследованиям, транскраниальная магнитная стимуляция имеет потенциал в качестве неинвазивного прогностического метода количественной оценки нейрофизиологических изменений головного мозга после черепно-мозговой травмы (ЧМТ). В патофизиологической основе изменений параметров транскраниальной магнитной стимуляции при ЧМТ лежат нарушение регуляции высвобождения нейромедиаторов, изменение экспрессии рецепторов, повреждение интернейронов и микроцитоархитектоники, что провоцирует нарушение функционального баланса между корковым возбуждением и торможением. Особенностью детской популяции с последствиями ЧМТ оказалась уязвимость тормозных механизмов интернейронов за счет снижения уровня ГАМКB-рецепторов опосредованного коркового торможения. Целью настоящей публикации стал анализ наиболее информативных параметров диагностической транскраниальной магнитной стимуляции в детской популяции с последствиями ЧМТ на основе имеющейся литературы.

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