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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нервно-мышечные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-8721</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-0443</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">649</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-8721-2025-15-1-61-66</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ РАЗБОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Overlap of myasthenia gravis, myocarditis, and inflammatory myopathy secondary to immune checkpoint inhibitor (pembrolizumab) on a background of previously undiagnosed thymoma-associated acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive myasthenia gravis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ухудшение миастении, миокардит и миопатия, вызванные ингибитором иммунной контрольной точки (пембролизумабом), у пациента с не диагностированной ранее сероположительной миастенией и тимомой</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4533-0172</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Finleyson</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Финлейсон</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="CA">Canada</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10 Trench St., Richmond Hill, Ontario L4C 4Z3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>L4C 4Z3 Онтарио, Ричмонд Хилл, ул. Тренч, 10 </p></bio><email>olga_bol@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Hospital “Mackenzie Health”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Госпиталь «Маккензи Хелз»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-04-25"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-25"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Finleyson O.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Финлейсон О.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Finleyson O.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Финлейсон О.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/649">https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/649</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been used successfully over the last several years for treatment of many types of advanced cancer. Those agents cause uncontrolled activation of the immune system frequently resulting in immune-related adverse effects and exacerbation of pre-existing autoimmune diseases. In particular, immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause myasthenia which is usually characterized by an acute onset, rapid progression, and frequent development of myasthenic crisis requiring mechanical ventilation. Coexistence of myasthenia with myocarditis and myositis was shown to be an unfavorable prognostic factor. Steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, and plasmapheresis are used for treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitor- associated myasthenia.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В последние годы ингибиторы иммунной контрольной точки с успехом используются в онкологии для лечения поздних стадий многих типов рака. Эти препараты вызывают неконтролируемую активацию иммунной системы, что приводит к частому развитию иммунных побочных эффектов и обострению ранее существовавших аутоиммунных заболеваний. В частности, лечение ингибиторами иммунной контрольной точки может приводить к развитию миастении. В этих случаях миастения отличается острым началом, быстрым прогрессированием и частым развитием миастенического криза с необходимостью искусственной вентиляции легких. Одновременное развитие миастении, миокардита и миозита является неблагоприятным прогностическим фактором. Для лечения миастении, вызванной ингибиторами иммунной контрольной точки, применяются глюкокортикостероиды, внутривенные иммуноглобулины и плазмаферез.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myasthenia graves</kwd><kwd>myocarditis</kwd><kwd>myositis</kwd><kwd>immune checkpoint inhibitors</kwd><kwd>thymoma</kwd><kwd>immune-related adverse effects</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миастения</kwd><kwd>миокардит</kwd><kwd>миозит</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы иммунной контрольной точки</kwd><kwd>тимома</kwd><kwd>иммунные побочные эффекты</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kaminski H.J., Sikorski P., Coronel S.I., Kusner L.L. Myasthenia gravis: The future is here. J Clin Invest 2024;134(12):e179742. DOI: 10.1172/JCI179742</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Safa H., Johnson D.H., Trinh V.A. et al. 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