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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нервно-мышечные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-8721</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-0443</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">658</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-8721-2025-15-2-48-57</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Clinical and epidemiological features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the Republic of Bashkortostan (Russia)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клинико-эпидемиологические особенности бокового амиотрофического склероза в Республике Башкортостан (Россия)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9352-5783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pervushina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Первушина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3, Lenina St., Ufa 450008.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-2024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutlubaev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутлубаев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mansur Amirovich Kutlubaev,</p><p>3, Lenina St., Ufa 450008.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мансур Амирович Кутлубаев,</p><p>450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3.</p></bio><email>mansur.kutlubaev@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0982-4324</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakhtiyarova</surname><given-names>K. Z.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахтиярова</surname><given-names>К. З.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3, Lenina St., Ufa 450008.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-23"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-23"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Pervushina E.V., Kutlubaev M.A., Bakhtiyarova K.Z.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Первушина Е.В., Кутлубаев М.А., Бахтиярова К.З.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pervushina E.V., Kutlubaev M.A., Bakhtiyarova K.Z.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Первушина Е.В., Кутлубаев М.А., Бахтиярова К.З.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/658">https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/658</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a degenerative disease of the nervous system, the prevalence of which varies considerably in different regions of the world. Epidemiologic studies of ALS in the Russian Federation are scarce.</p><p><bold>Aim. </bold>To analyze the epidemiological features of ALS in the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB) according to the data of the unified state information system in the field of health care and clinical characteristics according to the hospital register for the period 2013–2024.</p><p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> A retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of all patients living in the RB who were diagnosed with G12.2 according to the 10<sup>th</sup> revision of the International Classification of Diseases within analyzed period was performed. The study of clinical characteristics of patients with ALS was done using data from the hospital registry, which was maintained since 2013.</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> The primary incidence of ALS in RB increased from 0.7 to 1.1–1.3 cases per 100,000 population over the period 2013–2024. The overall incidence of ALS for this period increased more than 3-fold, from 0.8 to 2.7 cases per 100 thousand population. The first manifestations of the disease were more often noted at the age of 53–66 years, among patients prevailed rural residents (59.5 %), people of physical labor (48.3 %). Men were more often suffered from ALS in the group with onset before the age of 45 years (<italic>p</italic> = 0.028), women more often had bulbar form of the disease (<italic>p</italic> = 0.046). The diagnosis was established on average one year after the development of the first symptoms of the disease.</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> There was an increase in the incidence of ALS over 2012–2024, which probably reflects improved detection of the disease in the RB. Future studies should clarify the role of environmental and biological factors in the development of ALS.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>Боковой амиотрофический склероз (БАС) – дегенеративное заболевание нервной системы, распространенность которого значительно варьирует в разных регионах мира. Эпидемиологические исследования БАС в Российской Федерации немногочисленны.</p><p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – проанализировать эпидемиологические особенности БАС в Республике Башкортостан (РБ) по данным единой государственной информационной системы в сфере здравоохранения и его клинические характеристики по данным больничного регистра за период 2013–2024 гг.</p><p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Проведен ретроспективый анализ электронных медицинских карт всех пациентов, проживающих в РБ, которым в течение анализируемого периода был установлен диагноз G12.2 по Международной классификации болезней 10-го пересмотра. Исследование клинических характеристик пациентов с БАС выполнено с использованием данных больничного регистра, который велся с 2013 г.</p><p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Первичная заболеваемость БАС в РБ за период 2013–2024 гг. выросла с 0,7 до 1,1–1,3 случая на 100 тыс. населения. Общая заболеваемость БАС за данный период увеличилась более чем в 3 раза – с 0,8 до 2,7 случая на 100 тыс. населения. Первые проявления болезни чаще отмечались в возрасте 53–66 лет, среди пациентов преобладали жители села (59,5 %), люди физического труда (48,3 %). Мужчины чаще болели БАС в группе с дебютом до 45 лет (<italic>р = </italic>0,028), у женщин чаще отмечалась бульбарная форма болезни (<italic>р = </italic>0,046). Диагноз устанавливался в среднем через год после появления первых симптомов болезни.</p><p><bold>Выводы</bold>. За 2013–2024 гг. отмечался рост заболеваемости БАС, который, вероятно, отражает улучшение диагностики данного заболевания в РБ. Будущие исследования должны уточнить роль средовых и биологических факторов в развитии БАС.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>morbidity</kwd><kwd>risk factor</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>боковой амиотрофический склероз</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>фактор риска</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Bashkir State Medical University Strategic Academic Leadership Program (“PRIORITY-2030”).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств Программы стратегического академического лидерства Башкирского государственного медицинского университета («ПРИОРИТЕТ-2030»).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>González-Sánchez M., Ramírez-Expósito M.J., Martínez-Martos J.M. 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