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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neuromuscular Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нервно-мышечные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2222-8721</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-0443</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">679</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2222-8721-2025-15-4-10-16</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Frameless stereotactic infusion of gene therapy into the putamen for AADC deficiency in children: technical and organizational aspects of implementation in Russia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Безрамная стереотаксическая инфузия генной терапии в путамен при дефиците AADC у детей: технические и организационные аспекты внедрения методики в России</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8146-5501</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshchikov</surname><given-names>Dmitriy A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рещиков</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>reshchikovdm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1376-390X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mai</surname><given-names>R. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маи</surname><given-names>Р. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>reshchikovdm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-985X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhaylova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>reshchikovdm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9471-7761</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorelikov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гореликов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>reshchikovdm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5020-1180</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Е. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>reshchikovdm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8520-2378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petryaykina</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петряйкина</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>reshchikovdm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9245-5659</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Putilina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Путилина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>reshchikovdm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9972-1083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Palm</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пальм</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>reshchikovdm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital – a branch of the N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская детская клиническая больница – филиал ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр им. акад. Н.П. Бочкова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>10</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-04"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-04"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Reshchikov D.A., Mai R.B., Mikhaylova S.V., Gorelikov S.V., Zakharova Е.Y., Petryaykina E.E., Putilina E.A., Palm V.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Рещиков Д.А., Маи Р.Б., Михайлова С.В., Гореликов С.В., Захарова Е.Ю., Петряйкина Е.Е., Путилина Е.А., Пальм В.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Reshchikov D.A., Mai R.B., Mikhaylova S.V., Gorelikov S.V., Zakharova Е.Y., Petryaykina E.E., Putilina E.A., Palm V.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рещиков Д.А., Маи Р.Б., Михайлова С.В., Гореликов С.В., Захарова Е.Ю., Петряйкина Е.Е., Путилина Е.А., Пальм В.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/679">https://nmb.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/679</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim.</bold> To present the authors’ experience in implementing a frameless stereotactic infusion technique of a gene preparation using an adeno-associated vectored virus into the subcortical structures of the brain in children with aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency (AADCd), with an emphasis on technical and organizational aspects.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> From November 2024 to December 2025, six bilateral infusions of eladocagen exuparvovec (Upstaza<sup>®</sup>) were administered into the putamen of children with genetically confirmed AADCd in the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery of the Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital. The key stages of patient selection, regulatory support, preoperative planning based on brain magnetic resonance imaging data, features of frameless navigation, the Z-shaped convection-enhanced infusion technique, and measures for preventing intra- and postoperative complications are described. The analysis of clinical outcomes is deliberately not presented in this work and is planned for a separate publication after increasing the sample size and follow-up observation.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> In all 6 cases, accurate drug delivery to the putamen was ensured in accordance with preoperative planning, and no intraoperative complications were observed. Early postoperative magnetic resonance imaging monitoring revealed no clinically significant hemorrhagic or ischemic brain damage. In all cases, improvements in motor and autonomic symptoms of varying severity were noted during the first months of follow-up.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The presented experience demonstrates the technical feasibility and safety of frameless stereotactic gene therapy for AADCd in children in a Federal Center setting. The proposed method can serve as the basis for a national treatment protocol for AADCd and the establishment of a reference center for gene therapy for central nervous system diseases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель работы</bold> – представить авторский опыт внедрения в России методики безрамной стереотаксической инфузии генного препарата на основе аденоассоциированого векторного вируса в подкорковые структуры головного мозга у детей с дефицитом декарбоксилазы ароматических L-аминокислот (AADCd) с акцентом на технические и организационные аспекты.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В период с ноября 2024 г. по декабрь 2025 г. в отделении детской нейрохирургии Российской детской клинической больницы выполнено 6 инфузий в путамен (билатерально) препарата эладокаген экзупарвовек (Апстаза) у детей с генетически подтвержденным AADCd. Описаны ключевые этапы отбора пациентов, нормативно-правовое сопровождение, предоперационное планирование по данным магнитно-резонансной томографии головного мозга, особенности использования безрамной навигации, техника Z-образной конвекционно-усиленной инфузии, а также меры профилактики интра- и послеоперационных осложнений. Анализ клинических исходов в данной работе сознательно не приводится и планируется к отдельной публикации после увеличения выборки и катамнеза наблюдения.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Во всех 6 наблюдениях обеспечена точная доставка препарата в зону путамена в соответствии с предоперационным планированием, интраоперационных осложнений не отмечено. По данным ранней послеоперационной магнитно-резонансной томографии не выявлено клинически значимых геморрагических или ишемических повреждений головного мозга. Во всех случаях в течение первых месяцев наблюдения отмечена положительная динамика двигательных и вегетативных симптомов разной степени выраженности.</p> <p><bold>Выводы.</bold> Представленный опыт демонстрирует техническую выполнимость и безопасность безрамной стереотаксической генной терапии при AADCd у детей в условиях федерального центра. Предложенная методика может служить основой для национального протокола лечения AADCd и формирования референсного центра генной терапии болезней центральной нервной системы.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency deficiency</kwd><kwd>gene therapy</kwd><kwd>oculogyric crisis</kwd><kwd>frameless stereotactic surgery</kwd><kwd>putamen infusion</kwd><kwd>pediatric neurosurgery</kwd><kwd>eladocogen exuparvovec</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дефицит декарбоксилазы ароматических L-аминокислот</kwd><kwd>генная терапия</kwd><kwd>окулогирный криз</kwd><kwd>безрамный стереотаксис</kwd><kwd>инфузия в путамен</kwd><kwd>детская нейрохирургия</kwd><kwd>эладокоген экзупарвовек</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Patients received medications with the support of the Circle of Goodness Foundation</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Лекарственное обеспечение пациентов осуществлялось при поддержке фонда «Круг добра»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Wassenberg T., Molero-Luis M., Jeltsch K. et al. 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